Diabetes Mellitus is one of the most common diseases in the world.Despite all his complexity, there are methods that allow you to easily facilitate human life.First of all, it is necessary to observe a particular diet.
If you adhere to the properly prescribed diet, then diabetes will not affect general benefits, and in addition, it is likely that various types of complications, including heart attack, stroke, etc.
Types of diets
Diet in diabetes is determined depending on the type of disease itself and the age category.Thus, there are general principles to build an appropriate nutrition, which adapted on the basis of individual indicators of the human body.
Since it is impossible to cure the disease, a certain menu is prescribed to reduce the danger of it.The use of proper food in a clearly specified time is required for:
- Reducing the risk of chronic and acute complications;
- maintenance of good health and relatively strong immunity;
- preventing a set of excess weight or resolve it;
- Preserving blood sugar in permissible limits.
There are two types of diabetes.First, in other words, insulin-planning is called.His development is associated with the lesion and death of cells in pancreas and are responsible for insulin production.
Along with it, food is focused on maintaining the process of insulin therapy and is quite an additional method of control over the disease.Her principles are similar to those who adhere to healthy people in achieving good figures and benefits.
The main difference is the need to calculate the number of carbohydrates.Since the treatment of 1 types of diabetes consists of taking insulin, you must follow which percentage in a daily diet is given to carbohydrates.As a rule, it should be more than 60%.
From the type 2 diabetes, insulin-dependent, is developed in the relevant people, accordingly, the dietary diet is in the first place.In the initial phase of the disease or easy meaning lies in a rational way of excess weight.
When diabetes of this type reaches the mean or even heavy, then next to the diet, taking drugs intended to reduce blood sugar or insulin levels.It is worth noting that in such cases, special attention should be paid to physical effort.Thanks to them, such a problem such as obesity can solve without surgical intervention.
The most popular diets are thus-are charged Table 8 and 9. The eighth food table applies to those who suffer from excessive weight or tend to complete.The ninth is taken as a basis when determining the diet for diabetics.
Diet no.9 for diabetes
Diet no.9 It is considered therapeutic and prescribes the normalization of metabolism (carbohydrates).It is also focused on preventing offenses related to fat metabolism.Its calories content must not exceed 2500 kcal.
Similar nutrition is characterized as follows:
- Calorie content should be reduced by the use of animal fats and carbohydrates, which are easily absorbed (except sweets and sugar);
- Partial restrictions or complete exclusions of cholesterol and salt;
- more spending more vitamins and fiber;
- Protein content should be within the norm.
The basis of all useful diets, including ninth, is a real meal.It is often necessary to eat in small portions.In total, the frequency should be 5 or 6 times a day.
Fry or stewed dishes should be eaten as little as possible or completely forget about them.It should be baked and cooked in the first row.It is best to develop me for a week, because it will be easier to monitor this.Special preference should be given to the following products:
- Low fire meat;
- low -fat fish;
- vegetables that do not contain more than 5% carbohydrates;
- Fruit (not everything);
- Sugar free drinks.
What cuts and eggs should be limited for spices and eggs.This is especially true of the yolks.The number of proteins daily must not exceed 1.5 pieces.In addition to the fact that it is necessary to exclude sweets from the menu for diabetes, prohibitions and pasta, butter and layered dough, acid vegetables.
It is categorically impossible to consume bananas, dates, figs, grapes and all their derivatives.The same applies to fat such as pork, Ram and beef.To get the necessary fats, you should use butter (without salt) and vegetables moderate.
Diet no.9 acts as a basis used when prescribed the required diet.Depending on the personal indicators of a person suffering from diabetes, it adapts.There are different types of diets that can be combined and find the appropriate option for yourself.
What is a bread unit?
Since the meaning of the proper diet for diabetics is to consume carbohydrates in certain quantities, you should know how to determine that gentle normal norm, which depends on how much and which products they need to eat.
All products involving carbohydrates, different physical properties, calorie content, etc.The usual measurement method is not subject to these characteristics.In addition, the diet for diabetes requires increased control over its own daily standard.
To make it easier to determine how much you need to eat this or that product and does not exceed what is allowed, the nutritionists have presented the term "bread unit".The concept is applied in cases where insulin is prescribed by diabetics.
With such a measured unit, it is much easier for a person to understand what can be eaten and drink, and what is impossible.It makes a healthy menu based on personal indicators, and can change some products to others who contain carbohydrates.
As a rule, in one day, a person must consume from 18 to 25 such units.Since it should be five meals, it is logical to be rationally distributed this amount at all times.The main "dose" should be entered into the body in the morning.To monitor the number of bread units, you can take a picture of me per day.
How many calories for consuming one day?
Diabetes diet requires canceling from many products and dishes that could previously enter into everyday diet.However, do not confuse food that allows the normalization of sugar levels with that necessary for the loss of additional weight.
The power supply for the first-type diabetes is just to correctly calculate how much insulin is needed.Calories content in this case game is not such an important role.It has to be monitored so that it cannot get in weight.
Diabetes type 2 really requires increased control over consumed calories, as it often develops precisely on the background of obesity.However, they are also not worth leading them to calculations on fanaticism.
The number of calories daily is calculated depending on individual body indicators.The diet itself should be low, but does not imply the complete absence of carbohydrates.It is necessary to eat, but it is important that you do not overeat.
When asking a question, what can be eaten with type 2 diabetes, many believe you need to sit on almost only crackers and water.This is categorically impossible.Food should be full, which contains vitamins and fibers.
There are different recipes of the delicious, satisfactory and simultaneously useful dishes that will not allow to improve, but at the same time a person will be full of strength and energy.What specific products should be consumed and which are approximate number of calories allowed daily, provided for a doctor.
Useful and harmful products
The low tie diet is different.For a healthy person are less strict than for the one who has diagnosed diabetes.But their meaning is the same.They vary in the main list of products that are divided into healthy and harmful for diabetics.
Useful
- All types of vegetables;
- Green (spinach, sorrel, dill);
- mushrooms;
- meat and fish (low -fat);
- Coffee and tea;
- Mineral water.
Harmful
Moderate lifting of sugar:
- potatoes;
- cereals;
- Pasta, including solid varieties;
- Sour -ilk products.
Strongly lifting sugar:
- sweets;
- Honey;
- Sugar drinks;
- alcohol;
- grapes and her derivatives;
- Sharp and salty spices.
Such products division is generally accepted and is often taken as a basis when making diabetes menus.But what is useful for one can be harmful to another.Since everything is relatively, a particular nutrition is assembled for each diabetic.
How to eat with obesity
There is an opinion that for weight loss, it is necessary to adhere to a strict low-calorie diet.But the fact is that this doesn't work.Numerous studies have shown that with reducing the caloritude of their diet, except permanent feelings to hungry lility, nervesposts and other things, nothing happens.
With such a diet, it will be possible to lose weight literally a few pounds, but if the body differed at the same time and good muscles, then it is all that will leave everything in the first place.Subcutaneous fats will not go anywhere, and sometimes on the contrary will accumulate even more.
The protein diet includes active protein consumption and a parallel reduction of fat and carbohydrate.The approach itself is not bad, but there are also embarrassment here.Again, it is impossible to exaggerate with proteins, and fat is completely forbidden from the diet.The absence of carbohydrates will lead to loss of vital energy.
As a result, everything is reduced to a low short diet diet.Only in itself, it is necessary to reduce sugar.In a loss of weight, she is not a lifeguard, but from all the presented is the best.Its merit is that all the necessary elements needed to maintain vital activities fall into the body.
So, when there is a rational amount of natural fats, proteins and carbohydrates, there is no need to give deposits.Metabolism begins to work as a watch, no chronic sense of hunger, the symptoms of the disease practically disappear, and the person becomes more active.
Type 1 Diabetes Diet
To maintain the normal condition of the body in type 1 diabetes, the same low diet is needed.But in this case it should be strict.The number of tables does not play a special role here, although diet no.9 often takes as a basis.
The problem is that even an insulin action is very different, so it is quite difficult to normalize the indicators.That is why it is necessary to adhere to a particular diet.Fewer carbohydrates enter the body, less insulin needs.
It should be understood that their own nutrition is interconnected by a personal dose of insulin.Therefore, when developing your menu, you need to consider the amount of medicine.It is better to take a picture per day to make it easier for the following.
Type 2 diabetes diet
Because type 2 diabetes is less complicated than the first kind, the diet is required to get rid of excess weight and prevent it in the future.Low carbon diet also is also recommended.Of course, this is an approximate diet that adapts.His meaning in the normalization of glucose and insulin in the blood, as well as control over isoline resistance.
Let the practice take various pills for loss and treatment of weight with folk drugs.It should first be forgotten generally, because at best, there will be no benefits from these medications.
Folk medications, as a rule consist of any plant infusions and decktion.If you really understand medicinal plants, it may be possible to do something from this, but this is not worth doing this.
Kidney failure
A kidney failure can develop against the background of the disease.It should be understood that this does not cause food protein, the more wrong they believe, but increased blood sugar.
The active development of such a disease is suspended when the glucose level is normalized.Diet helps for that.Squirrels from the diet are not excluded, but with carbohydrates you have to work.Proper nutrition, available to ordinary people, can even even lead to the fact that the kidneys will recover completely.
However, if the process is brought to extremes, then there will be no return to healthy kidneys.Moreover, in this case, low tie nutrition can accelerate the destructive process.To do this, you need to monitor your condition, and the table created for yourself will help control the power in which insulin dishes and dose are colored, if necessary.
Other important points
Diabetes can be developed at any age.The children may appear in the background of the fact that overeating with flour products, sweets, etc.Discovering the problem on time and start properly solving, complications can be avoided.
In women, the disease can happen for various reasons.Permanent stresses, abundant nutrition (mainly harmful products), as well as inactivity can cause excess weight and, as a result, type 2 diabetes.
There is often a situation where the disease has occurred during pregnancy.This is due to a violation in a hormone background.In addition, the woman can actively consume products that can cause diabetes in this period.
As a rule, less strict paternel diets, which aims normalize the processes in the body and partially reducing weight, but without damage to the fruit.
With gestational diabetes or diabetes against the background of pregnancy, strict nutrition should only be specified with an expert.Diet should be adapted considering the fact that there is parallel fruit development.By turning off any product you can harm the unborn child.
In men, type 2 diabetes develops slightly less often than in women.This is due to the fact that they have some accelerated metabolism.But harmful food, alcohol addiction and insignificant physical activities, will easily lead to such a problem.